Attractions of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi

Medieval Akkerman Fortress on the banks of the Dniester estuary - one of the largest and best preserved in Ukraine.

Built on the site of the ancient city of Thira (archeological excavations are underway). Until the 10th century, there were probably fortifications of Slavic tribes of Tiverts and Ulychi.

The building of the citadel belongs to the Genoese period of XIII-XIV centuries. The main fortifications of the Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi fortress were built during the Moldavian rule (XV century). The total length of the walls is 2 km. Height of walls and towers from 5 to 15 m. 26 of 34 towers have survived.

In 1484 the fortress came under the rule of Turkey, a mosque was built (the minaret is preserved). In 1789 the town of Akkerman was taken without a fight by the Don Cossacks of Matviy Platov together with the Buz Cossacks sent by Prince Potomkin-Tavriysky.

At present, the Akkerman Fortress architectural complex is managed by the Fortress utility company. An exposition of instruments of torture was opened on the territory, siege weapons were displayed in the yard. Music festivals and historical fencing championships are held.

The ruins of the ancient city of Thira were excavated by archaeologists near the walls of the Akkerman fortress.

The ancient city on the shore of the estuary at the mouth of the Tiras (Dniester) river was founded in the 6th century BC by immigrants from Greek Miletus, and in the 3rd century BC it reached its greatest prosperity. The main occupations of the inhabitants of Thira were agriculture, viticulture, handicrafts, fishing, and trade with the indigenous population of Transnistria. The city minted its own silver coin. From the beginning of the 2nd century AD, the city of Thira was part of the Roman Empire.

It was destroyed by the Goths in the second half of the 3rd century. A settlement of the Slavic tribes of Tiberians and Ulychi soon arose on the ruins, then a Genoese fortress.

Archaeological excavations have been carried out since 1900 and are still ongoing.

The Armenian Church of the Assumption of the Virgin (Surb Astvatsatsin) has been preserved since the Middle Ages, when a large Armenian community lived in Bilhorod.

The temple has a squat shape, because the Muslim authorities forbade the construction of Christian churches higher than mosques. Over the centuries, the Armenian Church was repeatedly rebuilt and expanded. Ancient paintings and medieval marble slabs (khachkars) with carved inscriptions have been preserved on the walls, the earliest of which dates back to the 10th century.

The Armenian Church operated until 1940. Until recently, it was the base of an archaeological expedition. In 2013, the church was returned to the Armenian community.

On the territory there is a Sarmatian crypt of the 3rd century AD, made of stone slabs, found on the eastern outskirts of the city.

The main exposition of the Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Museum of Local Lore is housed in a one-story building in the Empire style, built in the XIX century for the merchant and mayor Mykhaylo Femilidi.

In several halls visitors can get acquainted with the ancient and medieval history of the Northern Black Sea Coast, the history of the city of the XIX and early XX centuries, the nature of the region.

Presented are finds from the burial complex of the Chernyakhiv culture, original household items and art from Ancient Greece, a numismatic collection, samples of edged weapons, flintlock pistols, authentic handwritten materials of 19th-century Swiss colonists, a unique collection of embroidered towels, etc.

In the next building there is an ethnographic museum, which introduces the traditions of the peoples of the region.

The Greek Church of Saint John the Baptist in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi stands on the high bank of the Dniester estuary.

The first wooden temple was founded in the XIII-XIV centuries by Greek merchants from Trebizond. In its current form, the church was rebuilt in 1478-1480, during the Moldavian period, during the reign of Stephen III the Great. The funds for the construction were collected by the Greek community of the city.

According to legend, in the 14th century, Saint Ioann Suchavskyi, a great martyr who is considered the protector of Moldova, was buried on the territory of the Greek Church. The burial place is marked by a chapel to the right of the church. Later, the relics of the saint were reburied in Suceava in the present territory of Romania.

Despite its modest size, the Church of John the Baptist looks very massive and is a rare type of religious building in the architectural heritage of Ukraine.

The underground church of Ioann of Suchavskyi was built in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi over a stone well, where, according to legend, the Orthodox saint John of Suchavskyi was killed.

In 1330, the Orthodox merchant John from Turkish Trebizond, who traded in Akkerman, refused to convert to Islam, for which he was tortured by order of the governor of the Golden Horde. A chapel was built on John's grave, and the saint's relics were later moved to Moldavian Suceava (now the territory of Romania). Since that time, he is considered the heavenly patron of merchants.

A spring by the sea, which, according to legend, was often visited by Ioann, was named after him. The water from the Saint Ioann's spring is considered healing, and people come from all over for it.

The Holy Ascension Cathedral is the main Orthodox shrine and the largest temple in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi.

Construction on the site of the old Turkish cemetery was carried out from 1815 to 1820 with donations from local residents. Initially, the church had the shape of a ship, but in 1830, three porticos with 4 columns were added, and the cathedral took on the shape of a cross, characteristic of Russian classicism. In 1971, the walls and dome of the cathedral were painted by the family of the artist Piskarev with a group of Moscow artists.

A part of the relics of Saint Ioann of Suchavsky is preserved in the Ascension Cathedral.

A 40-meter-high belfry adjoined the cathedral, which collapsed in 2004 (restoration is underway).

A chapel was built on the territory in honor of the 2000th anniversary of the birth of Christ.

The Oleksandrivsky barracks were built in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi in 1828-1838 by order of the Russian Emperor Oleksandr I in order to strengthen the border of the empire in Bessarabia.

The complex occupies an area of ​​2.6 hectares on the high bank of the Dniester estuary. It consists of officers' buildings and soldiers' barracks in an oriental style.

For a long time, the Oleksandrivsky barracks were used for their intended purpose - they housed a military unit. In 2001, the complex was transferred to the communal ownership of the city and since then it has been gradually falling into disrepair. The main building was destroyed by fire.

The old building of the Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Pedagogical Vocational College was built in 1900 for a male gymnasium.

An architectural monument of local importance.

There is a large square in front of the choir, where local residents like to relax.

Saint George's Church was built in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi in 1840 according to the project of the architect Zaushkevych on the order of the Bulgarian community of the city.

There was a church cemetery near the church, which was closed together with the church in 1934. Here are the graves of the family of Princes Volkonsky, who made large donations for the upkeep of the church.

Today the church is active.

Stфште Nicholas Church in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi was built in 1867 at the expense of local resident Herasym Ovchynnikov. Since its construction, the temple has not undergone any changes.

The architectural decor is not rich, the character is local, traditional. Modern painting on the facades and in the interior.

Next to the church was the Oleksandr-Mariyinsky Heart Disease Asylum with a hospital, opened in 1868 by Lieutenant General Ivan Hanhardt (commanding chief of the Danube Cossack Army).

A stone tomb from Scythian times is called a Scythian Grave in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi. The crypt was discovered in 1895.

It was a two-chamber structure on the rock, it was made of large (up to 3 meters long, up to 0.6-0.7 meters thick) limestone slabs. Plundered in ancient times. Inside there is an ornament in the form of a wood pattern. There is an assumption that an underground passage from the Akerman fortress was laid to the Scythian grave.

The ancient monument is located in the industrial zone near the seaport and the meat processing plant - access is difficult, but not prohibited.

The mansion of Honorary Justice of the Peace Aloiziy Yaroshevych was built in 1890 in the center of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi according to the project of the architect Yevhen Yermakov in the spirit of neo-romanticism with a predominance of the Moorish style.

At the moment, the building is in a state of disrepair, and the local authorities cannot decide who owns it and what to do with it. Meanwhile, the most beautiful architectural monument is being destroyed.

The building of the poviat zemstvo administration with a square and a fence is one of the most interesting architectural monuments of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi.

It was built in 1905 according to the typical project of "model" buildings, which were developed during this period by St. Petersburg architects. Volodymyr Puryshkevych , the future murderer of Rasputin, was the head of the Zemstvo administration at that time.

Currently, it is the Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Vocational College of Nature Management, Construction and Computer Technologies.