Attractions of Kamyanets-Podilskyi district

The palace and park complex in Makiv was built in the second half of the 18th century, after the estate passed from the Makovetsky magnates to Count Yuzef Ratsyborovsky.

His grandsons, brothers Adam and Yan Ratsyborovsky, built a complex of manor buildings in the classic and neo-Gothic forms that were fashionable at the time by the beginning of the 19th century. The palace was located next to the wing, and opposite it, on the site of the current kindergarten, there was a tower and a forge. To the west of the wing there were farm buildings and a Gothic steeple.

In 1830, Yan and Adam invited the famous park architect Dionisiy Mikler to their estate to arrange the park. The green areas covered an area of ​​75 hectares. There were several pavilions in the park. Palm trees, exotic flowers and fruits were grown in the greenhouse.

In 1908, Alfred Zhurovsky became the new owner of the estate, reconstructing the residence, which had already begun to decline. The palace was expanded, a new wing with a square tower was completed, a frieze with plant motifs, colonnades, cartouches with the "Leliva" and "Revych" family coats of arms appeared.

After the Bolshevik coup of 1917, the peasants of Makiv together with the soldiers of the Kamchatka Regiment destroyed the manor house, and later burned the palace. Only the wing and one of the park pavilions have survived.

Currently, there is a local school on the territory of the former palace and park complex in Makiv.

The estate of doctor Mykhaylo Rumyantsev, who managed the Dunaivtsi District Hospital for 22 years from 1922, is located in the central part of the city, not far from the recreation park.

In 1944, he was arrested by the Soviet authorities on charges of collaboration with the occupiers and sentenced to imprisonment with confiscation of property. After the end of the Second World War, the Dunayevets anti-tuberculosis dispensary was located in the estate of surgeon Rumyantsev. New extensions were added to the existing buildings at that time.

In the period 1973-2004, the efforts of the then chief physician, Olha Pirohova, ensured the preservation of the estate's historical objects and the care of the territory. In 2004, the dispensary was disbanded, and the territory of the Rumyantsev estate passed into private ownership.

The house of the Rusky Viyt Kiriak, which in 1658-1670 housed the administration of the Rusky (i.e. Ukrainian) quarter of the city, is now occupied by the administration of the Kamyanets National Historical and Architectural Reserve.

The rights of the Ukrainian community to self-government were approved by the Polish king Yan Kazymyr in 1658. When the Ukrainian community was deprived of the right to self-governance and the Rusky magistrate was disbanded, the premises were used for meetings of the Podillya nobility, later as a theater.

In the years 1805-1865, there was a theological seminary here, where the famous Ukrainian poet Stepan Rudansky and the writer Anatoliy Svydnytsky studied in the 1950s. The building of the Rusky Magistrate is also called the "House with the Dragon" because of the characteristic drain on the facade.

In the eastern buildings of the Rusky Magistrate, there are exhibits "Archaeological ceramics from the funds of NIAZ Kamianets" and "Podillya Lyulka". In the courtyard of the Rusky Magistrate, there is an exposition "Stone lace of the city" (lapidarium).

The ruins of four defense towers in the village of Rykhta are the remains of the ancient castle of Rykhta.

A tablet found during one of the reconstructions proves that the castle over the Zhvanchyk River was built in 1507, when the Polish nobles of Lyantskoronsky owned these lands. Built like regular, rectangular in plan with angular pentagonal towers. From the end of the 16th to the middle of the 18th century, the Rykhta castle was the residence of the Polish family of Humeckyi, whose representatives became famous in battles with the Turks. Thus, one of the owners of the castle, Voytsekh Humeckyi, a Podillya horn player, became one of the heroes of the legendary defense of Kamyanets-Podilskyi in 1672.

In the 19th century, the new owners of the Holovynski-Pidvysotski castle dismantled most of the castle buildings to build a new palace, keeping only the corner towers. The palace, which was used for some time as a hospital, was completely destroyed during the Second World War. Now, only the towers with traces of defensive walls adjacent to them have survived from the castle. All of them are located in private yards and are used as barns at best.

The Church of Saint George on Polish Farms in Kamyanets-Podilskyi was built in the second half of the 19th century.

The church is made in the style of ancient Rus religious buildings and is typical of the Rus-Byzantine direction in the architecture of the 19th century.

The location of the new Orthodox church in Kamyanets-Podilskyi was chosen in such a way that the parishioners of the Catholic Peter and Paul Cathedral, leaving their church, could see the Orthodox church in perspective through the doorway.

The construction of Saint George's Church began under the supervision of the diocesan architect Anton Ostrovsky, and in 1854 the supervision was taken over by the architect Mykola Kulakovskyi and the Podillya gubernatorial architect Mykola Korchevskyi.

In the ensemble of the urban landscape, the church clearly stands out with its white walls and blue-blue domes.

The rotunda church of Saint John the Theologian in Shatava was built in 1839-1862 by the landowner Ratsyborivsky, after that priest Skvortsov, who inspected Podillya's churches, categorically forbade the use of the old Shatava church, uniting the parish with that of Makiv.

Soon, a strange round foundation appeared near the old cemetery. The construction of the unusual church lasted 23 years. The Church of John the Theologian is a rotunda, the inner columns of which are placed in a circle and united by arches, supporting a cylindrical light drum with a dome. The bypass gallery has a flat roof. The arched windows are made in the Neo-Gothic style. Under the cornice of the upper part of the temple there is a decorative strip with a floral ornament.

According to legend, Nestor Makhno was married here during the Soviet-Ukrainian war.

The brick church of Saint Joseph the Betrothed in the late Neo-Gothic style was created at the expense of the parishioners of Pidlisnyi Mukariv in 1859-1872 at the initiative of priest Bazyliy Shakh.

In 1933, the temple was closed by the Soviet authorities. During the German occupation, the church functioned. The shrine was closed again in 1962. Only in 1989, the Church of Saint Joseph the Betrothed was returned to believers.

Saint Nicholas Church is the only building in the Old Town of Kamyanets-Podilskyi that has come down to us from the 14th century almost in its original form.

It was built by Armenian settlers under the leadership of Synan Kotlubey in 1398 on the basis of an older temple. The thickness of the walls of this squat defensive-type temple reaches one and a half meters. The austere image is complemented by small loophole windows and powerful buttresses supporting the walls. A traditional Armenian stone cross-hatcher is mounted in one of the buttresses.

The building is devoid of decoration both outside and inside. Repairs were carried out in 1544, 1701, 1804. At the end of the 18th century, a belfry was added to the western facade.

The church of Saint Nicholas of the Dominican monastery in Smotrych has been known since 1375, when the city was owned by the Lithuanian princes Koriatovych.

It was originally made of wood and was located in the center of Smotrych Castle. As a result of numerous Tatar raids, the church was destroyed. Construction of the stone temple began in 1786 with the support of the Potocki family. In 1821, the construction was completed, and in 1837 the temple was consecrated as the Church of Saint Nicholas.

In 1935, it was closed by the Soviet authorities. Restored in 1990 by the efforts of Father Vanags and handed over to the Passionist Fathers.

The ruins of the huge Armenian Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, even in their current state, impress with the elegance of the fence fragments and the monumentality of the bell tower.

The temple is located in the center of the quarter, where Kamyanets-Podilskyi Armenians lived since the 14th century. The first wooden Armenian church was built in 1395, and it was rebuilt in stone in 1495. Built in 1555, the bell tower with loopholes and four observation towers above looks like a defense tower.

After the Turkish occupation of Kamyanets-Podilskyi, the church was restored only in 1767 - already as a Catholic church. It was a majestic temple of Byzantine architecture with an octagonal dome and covered galleries around the perimeter.

In the 1930s, the temple was blown up. Now the preserved belfry houses a small chapel, which is used by the parishioners of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Restoration of the cathedral is planned.

The Dominican Church of Saint Nicholas, located at the highest point of the Old Town, is considered one of the oldest churches in Kamyanets-Podilskyi.

Sung by poets as the "Pearl of Podillya", a beautiful temple of the region.

The Dominican monastery in Kamyanets-Podilskyi was mentioned for the first time in 1372. The church was made of wood, and in 1420 it burned to the ground. A new life was given to the monastery in the 16th century by the family of Potocki, who were cared for by the Dominicans.

During the Turkish rule, the church was rebuilt as a mosque in honor of Sultan Haseki's beloved wife, Rabia Gul-Nush. A white stone Muslim pulpit was installed in it, which has survived to this day.

The complete restoration of the Church of Saint Nicholas was completed in 1754 at the expense of Mikhal Frantsishek Potocki. On the facade, you can see the coat of arms "Pilyava" of the Potocki family and the sculpture "Dog with a torch" (Dominicans called themselves "Dogs of God"). To the left of the church is a two-story building, in which Pototsky lived.

Currently, the church belongs to the Catholic Pauline Order (Brotherhood of Saint Paul the First Hermit), restoration is ongoing.

The palace in the style of classicism in Holozubyntsi was built in the late 1870s by the nobleman Viktor Zyhmund Skibnevsky according to the project of Tomash Oskar Sosnovsky.

At the end of the 19th century, Baron Horokh reconstructed the manor, significantly raising the central risalite of the palace, equipping a round loggia and expanding the Holozubyntsi Park. The palace was furnished with rosewood furniture, many paintings of the Dutch school were collected in it. A Turkish tent brought from Arabia was stored in a separate room. The family library housed rare books on philosophy and psychology, as well as the family archive.

The total area of ​​the estate with the park is 21 hectares. Currently, a regional anti-tuberculosis hospital is located on the territory of the manor. The Skibnevsky Palace is used as housing for hospital employees.

Sokil Mountain rises above the village of Karachkivtsi to the south of the village of Smotrych. This is the highest point of the Dunaivtsi region (348 meters) and one of the highest peaks of the Podilski Tovtry ridge.

In 1989, on the territory of 42.9 hectares, a landscape reserve of national significance "Sokil" was created here, which is part of the National Nature Park "Podilski Tovtry". Among the rare species of plants here grow dogwood, hawthorn, rosehip, juniper, thorn, Podilsk onion, white sedge, hairy hemlock, which is included in the Red Book of Ukraine.

Sokil Mountain is a nesting place for eagles.

Halfway to the top of the mountain are ancient caves. Even at the beginning of the 20th century, the length of their passages exceeded 150 meters. Small rooms are formed inside the caves. According to legend, the robber Boyan hid treasures in these caves, the prototype for which was most likely the Polovtsian Khan Bunyak (Solodyvy Bunyo).

The State Bank building is the first architectural structure of the Novy Plan, built at the entrance to the new part of Kamyanets-Podilskyi immediately after the opening of the Novoplanivsky bridge.

It consists of two buildings: the first is built almost above the canyon of the Smotrych River, the second is a little higher. Both buildings were built in 1896-1901 by the architect Ivan Kalashnikov under the supervision of the Kanakotn provincial architect. The central building, in the plan of the letter "Г", was directly occupied by the State Bank itself, the second building, a rectangular building in plan, was the bank's employees' house. The main building is decorated with risalites and rustication, reminiscent of stone masonry. The front entrance is decorated with columns and a triangular pediment. For the construction of reliable bank vaults, basements more than 10 meters deep were cut into the rock.

Stefan Batory's seven-story tower is the largest defensive structure of the Kamyanets-Podilskyi fortification system.

It is the upper part of the Polish Gate complex - one of the three entrances to the Old Town. It had great fortification value, as the gentle bank of the Smotrych River made it easier for enemies to attack here.

The tower was built on the site of the ancient city gate in 1564-1585 at the expense of the Polish king Stefan Batory, which is why it got his name. After the repair of the tower in the 17th century by the artisan workshop of furriers, it was also called Kushnirska.

According to legend, in 1711, during the visit of Kamyanets-Podilskyi to the Russian Tsar Peter I, who was passing through the gate of the tower, his hat was blown off his head by the wind, after which the tower began to be called the Wind Gate.

In the 1780s, during the reign of King Stanislav Avhust, the commandant of the Kamyanets-Podilskyi fortress, Yan de Vitte, completed the tower to seven levels and added a rectangular building. Many decorative elements have been preserved.